Environment Management

Worried about environmental impacts of waste dumping?

Environment Management course is designed to present a profile of the waste generation and management scenarios in major industrial sectors like refinery, petrochemicals, paper, diary, cement, sugar, distillery, fertilizer, metallurgy, etc.

There will be formal curse lectures and laboratory experiments to demonstrate the various unit operation and processes in industrial waste management practices. Besides, there will be site visits and mini-projects focusing on current practices versus newer technologies and global policies.

After completing the course, you may get placements as executive project manager/engineering manager in organization for the implementation of environmental programmes and policies. The main area of work is to develop problem-solving capabilities to resolve environmental issues and achieve sustainable use of natural resources and ecological balance.

Environmental Science

Are you environmentally aware? And wish to do positive service to maintain our planet as it is? If you are that much concerned with these issues, you can opt Environmental science.

An environmental scientist’s career is emerging as one of the most sought after careers. People all over the world are becoming more and more aware about the significance of clean stage globally. The courses are offered in four general fields Environmental Protection, which targets air, water and land quality and often has a human and environmental health and safety perspective, Conservation and Protection of Natural Resources, which deals both with park, fisheries and wildlife management and the operation of resource based industries such as mining, forestry and agriculture, Environmental Education and Communications, which occurs both in the public and private sectors.

The training includes the library organization, library administration, classification theory and practice cataloguing physical bibliography and selection of book.

There are various levels of courses in Asia.

Certificate course - Duration of the course is 3 to 6 months. If you have passed higher secondary or equivalent, you are eligible to apply.

Diploma course (DLSc) - Course duration is 6 months to 1 year. You can apply if you passed 10+2. But some institutes admit only graduates.

Bachelor of library science (BLSc) or Bachelor of library of information science (BLISc). This course is open only to graduate. Duration is generally one year.

Master of library and information science (MLISc). If completed BLISc or BLSc, you are eligible to apply. Course duration is 1 to 2 years. M Phi and PHD programmes are also offered by many un-varieties.

Legal Studies

Legal professions are expanding phenomenally as globalization demand bigger role for legal experts. If u enjoys it, law is lucrative, adventurous and exciting career. The role of law professionals as persons practice in court of law is changing. The socio-economic changes had also increased the demand for law professional. Additional degree in law helps to open up a different set of career avenues. After obtaining the necessary degree, you have to register with the respective council from the government to be able to practice.

There are various branches of law like Civil law, Criminal law, Company or Corporate law, Taxation law consists of income tax law, Excise law etc. Labour law, international law, Family law, Constitutional law, Administration law, Trade mark, copyright and OP rights or patent laws and the like etc. Specialisation in these areas is available.

Success in law as a profession is related to personal attributes like good oral and written communication skills, logical reasoning, power to argue and concentration, self confidence, patience, good memory to relate and quote past cases etc. One has to acquire up-to-date information on all changes occurring in law and governance. Most of the new generation law course curriculums are interdisciplinary. It also includes case studies, mock court etc to make the study more interesting and more practical.

You have the following options:LLB, Diploma Courses in specialised streams such as Administrative law, Labour Laws, International law, Tax laws and Company law, LLM, Research Programs, etc.

Sociology

Interested in people and society? Sociology is an interesting area of study and will offer you a loving profession. Sociology seeks to understand and account for the complexities of human interaction and patterns of social life.

It involves all aspects of human experience and activity. The field of sociology includes a large number of specialties: race and ethnic relation, urban sociology, deviance, political sociology, sociology of the family and social psychology. Almost any aspect of how human beings gather together in groups, organization and societies can be studied within sociology.

If you have cleared 10+2 with high class marks in social sciences, you can apply for a graduate course in sociology. A high percentage in sociology needed for PG studies.

Sociology has wide scope. If you like to pursue your future in the fields such as business, education, law, social research, architecture, and medicine as well as social work and public administration.

Research institutes, like criminal justice system, public health and welfare organisations, private business, government, and international agencies employ sociologists. Students with a bachelor’s degree often secure employment is research assistants, data analysts, case workers, paralegals, advertising managers and administrators. Researchers are increasingly in demand in a variety of non-academic settings in both public and private agencies, business and industrial firms etc.

Advanced degrees are generally required for consulting work, upper level administrative positions, advance research jobs and college teaching. You will also get employment as teachers in universities and other educational institutions.

Counseling Psychology

Counseling psychologists focus more on persons with adjustment problems rather than on persons suffering from severe psychological disorders. For becoming counseling psychologists, you may be trained in psychology departments or in education departments. Counseling psychologists are employed in academic settings, college counseling centres, community mental health centres.

Health Psychology

Health psychologists are concerned with psychology’s contributions to the promotion and maintenance of food health and the prevention and treatment of illness. As a health psychologist you will have to design and conduct programmes to help individuals stop smoking, lose weight, shed alcoholism, manage stress and such things. You will get placements in hospitals, medical schools, rehabilitation centres, public health agencies, academic settings etc. you can also do private practice.

Teaching and Research interested in teaching? You can teach undergraduate, master’s-level, or doctoral-level students. Also you can work in a university setting, where you will probably do research too. If you are not interested in teaching and want to focus on research, you can work for government agencies like the Centres for Disease Control or for private research organizations. To work as a psychologist in these settings, you need Ph.D. in psychology.

Industrial/Organisational Psychology I/O psychologists (as they are usually called) are concerned with the relationships between people and their work environments. They may develop new ways to increase workplace productivity or be involved in personnel selection. They are employed in business, government agencies, factories, industrial set-ups corporate houses and academic establishments.

Sports psychology

Sports psychologists are concerned with the psychological factors that improve athletic and sports performance. As a sports psychologist, you have to look at the effects of exercise and physical activity on psychological adjustment and health. Sports psychologists usually work in academic settings. They also work as consultants for sports teams.

School Counseling

School counselors work with troubled children helping them function more effectively with their peers and teachers. They also deal with family problems etc. As a school counselor, you will work at the elementary, middle and high school levels.

School Psychology

School psychologists work is mostly concerned with children who are encountering difficulties in school. As a school psychologist, you have to try to diagnose the problem and suggest ways of dealing with the problem. School psychologists are usually trained in departments of educations and work in public school systems.

Social Work

If you’re interested in counselling, social work will be an interesting career. There are a variety of allied fields in social work. Social workers who practice psychology are usually called either clinical social workers or psychiatric social workers.

Clinical social workers are trained to diagnose and treat psychological problems. As a Psychiatric social worker you have to provide services to individuals, married couples, families and small groups. You will have to work in mental health centres, counselling centres, sheltered workshops, hospitals, schools etc. You can also do private practice. Several institute offer degrees and diplomas in social work. You may be able to get permanent positions in organizations. Due to funding from government and foreign agencies, salaries have been soaring.

Fine Arts

Creative? And have an urge to express your feelings and ideas through the medium of colour, graphics and drawing? To put it in another sense, do you really wish to be an artist – a painter, sculptor, or a graphic artist? If you are creative and wish to attain academic qualification in any of these art forms as well, you are free to choose an academic course related to fine arts which include sculpture, paintings, sketching, drawing and graphics.

The minimum qualification for talking up the course in 10+12. For the degree courses, there is an entrance test. This is meant to test aptitude of a person. You may have to make a still life sketch and a free-hand drawing. There is also a general awareness test. There will be an interview also. Your portfolio will be examined during the interview. Apart from degree course, some colleges offer PG course also.

Fine art consist two categories, painting and sculpturing. While the painters paint using various media, the sculptors carve figures, statues etc in stone, wood, clay, cement or any media they like. Apart from fine arts involved in designing advertisement displays, packaging, creation of visuals etc. Their work could be in designing or in graphics. As a designer you are to be conscious of all requirements of an industry. Also you have to work with a team of experts from different disciplines, both technical and business. Your ideas have to be tailored to fit in with commercial and technical requirements.

A graphic artist is commercial with lettering, illustration including photography, the design of symbols etc. The emergence of new generation media and the increasing importance of computer expanded the horizons of the graphic artist. Their application, TV graphics, captions, programme titles, all non verbal TV presentations of information etc.

Career Prospects:

According to the recent trend, paintings are valuable art pieces, not only in terms of aesthetic sense but also is monetary terms. A good artist can earn a lot of money by selling her / his paintings. You can also work as a freelancer or can be employed by TV and film studios you can teach art as well. Specialists in commercial art have various job openings in arts studios, advertising agencies, publishing houses, departments of commercial establishments etc.

Public Relations

It is tough job. You need a lot of patience, extra communication skills and a knack for negotiation to be a successful Public Relation person. If you feel confident and competent in managing people, media and resources, dare it. The job is more of a management function that involves monitoring and evaluating public attitudes and maintaining mutual relations and understanding between an organization and its public.

Public relations as a separate career option has came into existence when lots of private are government companies and institution felt the need to market their product, service and facilities. Public relations is broadly practiced for product publicity, corporate publicity, to have better relations with the government, to publish corporate publication like newsletter, bulletins, magazines for employees etc.

Bachelor's degree in any discipline preferably with social sciences, liberal arts and humanities is required to take up a course in this field.

Public relation officers can get employment in the corporate sector, public sector, government agencies, tourist agencies, hotels, banks and other financial institutions, private consultancy firms, etc. Income will depend on the key responsibilities and the nature of the organization. Most of the people work independently.

Multimedia

Want to experience a different style in story telling? Explore and experience the possibilities of multimedia. Multimedia uses multiple forms of information content and information processing to inform or entertain the audience. Multimedia also refers to the use of electronic media to store and experience media content.

Multimedia presentations can be live or recorded. A recorded presentation may allow interactivity via a navigation system. A live multimedia presentation may allow interactivity via interaction with the presenter or performer.

Multimedia is gaining importance as it permits enhanced level of interactivity. Multimedia finds its application in various areas including, but not limited to, art, education, entertainment, engineering, medicine, mathematics, business, scientific research and spatial temporal application. Creative multimedia designers are greatly needed.

There are a number of institutions teaching multimedia at different levels. It ranges from art, design, conceptualization, technical execution, authoring etc. you can specialize in any of these areas. Creative designing needs a background of art. Preparation of text requires talent in literature. Technical execution needs of knowledge of computers and computer programming. All these require different training and different background.

Multimedia in Creative Industries

Creative industries use multimedia for a variety of purposes ranging from fine arts, to entertainment, to commercial art, to journalism, to media and software services provided for any of the industries listed below. An individual multimedia designer may cover the spectrum throughout their career. Demand for their skills range from technical, to analytical, to creative.

Multimedia in Commercial Art

Much of the electronic, old and new, media utilised by commercial artists in multimedia. Exciting presentations are used to grab and keep attention in advertising. Industrial, business-to-business and interoffice communications are often developed by creative service firms for advanced multimedia presentations beyond simple slide shows to sell ideas or liven-up training. Commercial multimedia developers may be hired to design for governmental services and no-profit services applications as well. Multimedia in Entertainment and Fine Arts

In addition, multimedia is heavily used in the entertainment industry, especially to develop special effects in movies and animations. Multimedia games are a popular pastime and their software programs are available either as CD-ROMs or online. Some video games also use multimedia features.

Multimedia in Education

In education, multimedia is used to produce computer based training courses popularly called CBTs and reference books like encyclopedia and almanacs. A CBT lets the user go through a series of presentations, text about a particular topic and associated illustrations in various information formats. Edutainment is an informal term used to describe combining education with entertainment, especially multimedia entertainment.

Multimedia in Engineering

In engineering, especially in mechanical and automotive design, multimedia is primarily used for designing a machine or an automobile. This lets an engineer view a product from various perspectives, zoom in on critical parts and do other manipulations, before actually producing it. This is known as computer-aided design (CAD) or computer-aided engineering (CAE).

Software engineers may use multimedia in Computer Simulations for anything from entertainment to military or industrial training. Multimedia for software interfaces are often done as collaboration between creative professional and software engineers.

Multimedia in Industry

In the industrial sector, multimedia is used a way to help present information to share holder, superiors, and co-workers. Multimedia is also helpful for providing employee training, advertising and selling products all over the world via virtually unlimited we-based technologies.

Multimedia in Mathematical and Scientific Research

In Mathematical and Scientific Research, multimedia is mainly used for modelling and simulation. For example, a scientist can look at a molecular model of a particular substance and manipulate it to arrive at a new substance.

Multimedia in Medicine

In Medicine, doctors can get trained by looking at a virtual surgery or they can simulate how the human body is affected by diseases spread by viruses and bacteria and then develop techniques to prevent it.

Audio Engineer

Audio engineering is a part of audio science dealing with the recording and reproduction of sound through mechanical and electronic means. As an audio engineer you have to draw on many disciplines, including electrical engineering, acoustics, psychoacoustics and music. As audio engineer is often more affiliated with the creative aspects of Audi rather than formal engineering, as most professional audio engineers lack a formal and accredited Engineering degree. Audio engineering is different from acoustical engineering, which heavily relies on the underlying physics and mathematics of sound waves and their propagation.

To become a audio engineer, you should have experience and training in the production and manipulation of sound through analogue or digital means. You will be sometimes designated as a sound engineer or recording engineer. A person with one these titles is commonly listed in the credits of many commercial music recordings and in other productions that include sound, such as movies. In typical sound reinforcement applications, audio engineers often assume the role of producer, making artistic decision along with technical ones.

Film & Television

The craft of filmmaking involves the combination of a stream of skills like acting, directing, producing, script writing, cinematography, sound recording, visual mixing, editing etc to name some. The total of the film is a ream work under one leader – the director. You should be able to coordinate individuals having these diverse skills. As a filmmaker, you have to start at the very bottom and work you way up. You have to begin with raising capital for the film to its distribution, screening as well as all the stages of its crafting.

Film market is huge and offer a great variety of opportunities to those who can get hold of it. If you have artistic and technical skills and ability to express idea, filmmaking is a good option for you tor acting you need to talent and training. Directing demands m ore skills, talent and training,. In areas like cinematography, sound engineering editing, professional and technical training is essential. Several university and institutions offer facilities to lean skills in these areas. The pioneering institute in this line is the Film and Television institute of India (FTII), Pune.

Basic requirement for the course: For technical courses basic eligibility is 10+2. For the other courses it is graduation. There will be aptitude tests and interview to assess you talents. Duration of courses depends on the course one opts for and the institutions chose. There are Degree, Post Graduate Diploma, Diploma, and Certificate courses in each area of specialization. You can specialize in areas like production, direction, editing, cinematography, film processing, animation, acting, sound engineering, makeup, photography etc.

There are lots of options in the field of filmmaking. You can find employment with film studios, production companies, advertising agencies etc. Government Department also offer jobs. Or else, you can start you own venture as producer, director, editor, cameraman, soundman, lighting crew, assistant and so on.

Career Options:

Careers in films can either be those related to the actual production of the film are those related to the field such as a Film Critic, Film archivist, Film curators, film distributors etc.

Production:

Production is a profession which is very much demanding. You should be hardworking and dedicated to succeed in the field. You will have too much responsibilities and strain. Usually the production team is the first to arrive on the set and the to leave.

Producers:

Producer is the overall in charge of a film. As the producer you will be responsible right from raising finance up to marketing the film. You are the decision taking authority in all matters; you are the one who plans and manages the technical and artistic resources. You decide the story, obtain legal permission, hire the director, actors, decide the crew and the location etc. Production Manager and Production Assistants help you in this job. You role is sometimes combined with that of directing.

If you are a Postgraduate in Mass Communication or diploma holder from the Film and Television institute, you can enter as professional. But qualification is not a must. You should have good communication skills, patince and stamina. You should also have a thorough knowledge and experience in the film industry and entrepreneurial ability to succeed.

Production Manager:

The production manager shoulders the delegated responsibility for the overall organization of the film. As the production manager, you will be responsible for the technical pre-planning and production and for coordinating the crew, cast and lactin within a prescribed budget.

Production Assistant:

The production assistant acts the coordinator while the producer or director is doing his artistic thing. Being the production assistant, you actually execute everything planned. You will have to handle all the administrative work. You will also be responsible for keeping records of film sequences, scripts, call sheets and daily reports.

Direction

Director:

Director is responsible for the management of all the creative aspects that go into the making of a film. These are the people who make the unreal rea. – Who turns the pages of the script into a reality on the screen. The director you will be in complete charge of the studio of location floor. It is you who will control the film artistically. You decide the camera angles, direct the work of the cast and crew, costumes, choreography and music, conduct rehearsals etc.

Assistant director:

As an assistant director, it will be you who ensure all the timely arrangement of things that are required for the shoot. There can be one or more assistant directors, depending upon the film budget.

Editing, Acting & Animation

Editor:

The work of an editor requires great skill. As an editor, it is your job t put the film in correct sequential order. You have to view the processed fill and video with production personnel to analyse, evaluate and select scenes and to determine which scenes need to be improved or re-shot. You will also have to synchronise the sound track and add special effects wherever necessary.

To become an editor, a degree in firm direction and editing or professional experience is required.

Screenplay writer:

Screenplay writer rewrite the original story, on which the film is based, on which the film is based, in a format suitable for the screen. If you are graduate or post graduate in literature with proficiency in creative writing, you can become a screenplay writer.

Actor:

An actor should have an ability to emote well and become the character he represents in the film. As an actor you will the one is more appreciated in the film. At the same time, you need a great deal of patience and commitment because most production require among rehearsal schedules and retakes. Acting is a highly competitive profession. A screen presence and a good physical appearance are additional attributes to be successful in the field. Even though formal training as not a necessity,, a graduate/port graduate degree in acting will help to sharpen you skills and give exposure.

Animator:

Animation films are created by filming sequences of drawing or computer graphics and processing them at high speed so that they appear to be moving. Animation graphics are used in action films to stimulate real events.

As an animator you will be using your drawing skills to create moving images and effects for feature films, TV commercials, and short features. Drawing skills are crucial for all animators. Technical and computer training are integrated into the professional training. You must be artistically inclined, imaginative, skilful, and practical, able to generate new idea and put those ideas into sketches. You can work as a animator for cartoons, feature length movies, TV commercials or motion graphics, multimedia or as a game designer. Proficiency in graphic software’s or a graduate or postgraduate degree in Fine arts, Applied Arts, Graphic Design, Animation Design, Visual Communication Design etc. is helpful in getting into this field. The basic qualification for training in this field is 10+2/equivalent.

Light and Sound

Cinematographer:

A cinematographer is responsible for composing each shot, decides lighting and camera angles as per directors requirement. As a cinematographer, you will lead the camera/lighting ream. Also you will be involved in the planning and execution of a shot from the pre-production stage.

Cinematographer’s job requires high technical knowledge and experience in the field. In big units, lighting technician may work out the lighting plan for each shot.

Cameraman:

The cameraman handles the camera and the camera assistants collaborate with him. As a cameraman, you will operate the camera according to the instructions of the cinematographer. Good technical ability and knowledge of cameras and lenses is essential.

Lighting Technical/Operator:

Lighting is used to change the mood of a scene of to indicate practical aspects such as day or night. If you a Lighting technician, it will be you responsibility to arrange all the lighting effects. You have to determine the light needed for each shot.

Soundman:

Responsible for all sounds or effects that accompany visual images (sound Mixing). As a soundman, you work includes recording, dubbing and mixing off music, dialogues and other sound effects. The Sound Mixer or Sound Engineer puts together the various elements of the sound track and edits it to give a final shape. The Sound Recordist works under the Sound Mixer and endures proper recording.

Toe a soundman, you should have a degree or diploma in Audiography or Electronic. For admission to these courses a Science background at plus two level is preferred.

Film Related Careers

Film Critic:

A critic needs to be well read, have adequate knowledge and experience in this respective field. Only if you have a good knowledge about the particular subject/art, you cab authoritatively write about that subject. You also have to interview filmmakers and actors, cover local developments in the film business, and attend film festivals from time to time. Reading significant histories and biographies, understanding critical theory of film, and becoming familiar with the history of film arts are key to success as a critic.

Film Archivists:

Archivists are involved with the collection, arrangement and provision and preservation of archives. Archives include official documents, photographs, maps, audio-visual material and any other information-bearing media that contains valuable historical information of individuals, companies, government departments and other organization. As archivists can be a Film Archivists, Reference Archivists, Photographic Archivist, Appraisal Archivists, and Manuscript Librarian etc.

You should be a graduate or a postgraduate in one of more of the areas like history, art history, anthropology, and archaeology, Latin, English literature, public administration politics, law or economics or a postgraduate in library and information studies, museum, gallery and archives management and information management to enter into this field. As an archivist, you ought to have good communication skills, analytical and research skills and eye for detail, problem-solving skills and organisational ability, knowledge of different databases and the like. You should also be patent, accurate, thorough and able to make good judgements about what information to keep.

You should work in a well-organised and methodical manner, be ale to keep information private and work well under pressure. Earnings of workers in the motion picture production and distribution industry vary depending on education and experience.

Photography

With the explosion of the communication network, the growth of advertising and media and the fashion boom, and digital photography, it has now become a profession with great commercial value. Photos are an essential part in both print and electronic media. So this an area offering great scope for those who have an interest and attributes needed to be a professional Photography requires talent and training. There are specializations like portraiture, fashion and advertising photography, journalistic photography, wildlife and outdoors photography and so on. There are no specific academic requirements for full time courses in photography.

Eligibilligy

If u has cleared the 10+2 exam, you are eligible for the diploma / certificate courses in photography.

Courses

There are also Certificate and Diploma courses. Photography is offered as an optical subject for the bachelor’s degree in Fine arts. Some institutes offer full fielded BA courses in photography of three year duration. Besides the academic requirements, if you have a background in computers or electronics and related work experience and training, it will be considered beneficial for making a break in the field. Successful photographers are creative individuals who can think and communicate in visual terms. They are able to interpret a client’s needs, translating their ideas into images that work. Thus photography basically requires a keen, observant eye and an intelligent, curious and perceptive mind. As a photographer, you must have fell knowledge and command over the variety of cameras, lights and props, and all kind of photographic techniques. You should also have a sense of light and shade and the magic of colours. One of the most exciting aspects of photography is the variety of jobs available in the field, ranging from highly specialized, technical work to jobs that require creativity and Visual literacy.

Modelling

Modelling offers a glamorous career with tremendous opportunities to travel and meet various classes of people. If you are an established model, you get good money. But it involve of hard work, dedication and perseverance. It is a highly competitive and short lived profession. More than educational qualifications, physical attributes and personal qualities are important. There are various types of modelling- to categorise broadly, they are ramp modelling, television modelling and print modelling. You need not have any specific qualification or age limit to enter into this field. A good portfolio is a must with photographs, videos etc. The model coordinating agency or a fashion designer will help you to enter in the field if they are satisfied with your portfolio. Another way is to participate in the contests sponsored by magazines, cloth manufacturers, cosmetic companies etc and participating in beauty pageants.